Thomas Piketty ha escrito un libro llamado El Capital en el Siglo XXI que ha causado un cierto revuelo. Defiende los impuestos progresivos y un impuesto global sobre la riqueza como la única forma de contrarrestar las tendencias hacia la creación de una forma de capitalismo “patrimonial” marcada por lo que califica como desigualdades de riqueza y renta “aterradoras”. A su vez, documenta de una forma minuciosa y difícil de refutar, cómo la desigualdad social tanto en riqueza como en renta ha evolucionado a lo largo de dos siglos, con un énfasis particular en el rol de la riqueza. Destruye la idea ampliamente extendida de que el capitalismo de libre mercado extiende la riqueza y que el mayor bastión en la defensa de libertades individuales. El capitalismo de libre mercado, cuando se hayan ausentes las intervenciones redistributivas del Estado produce olgarquías antidemocráticas, tal y como demuestra Piketty. Esta demostración ha dado alas a la indignación liberal mientras que ha enfurecido al Wall Street Journal. Leer más…

Thomas Piketty has written a book called Capital that has caused quite a stir. He advocates progressive taxation and a global wealth tax as the only way to counter the trend towards the creation of a “patrimonial” form of capitalism marked by what he dubs “terrifying” inequalities of wealth and income. He also documents in excruciating and hard to rebut detail how social inequality of both wealth and income has evolved over the last two centuries, with particular emphasis on the role of wealth. He demolishes the widely-held view that free market capitalism spreads the wealth around and that it is the great bulwark for the defense of individual liberties and freedoms. Free-market capitalism, in the absence of any major redistributive interventions on the part of the state, Piketty shows, produces anti-democratic oligarchies. This demonstration has given sustenance to liberal outrage as it drives the Wall Street Journal apoplectic.

The book has often been presented as a twenty-first century substitute for Karl Marx’s nineteenth century work of the same title. Piketty actually denies this was his intention, which is just as well since his is not a book about capital at all. It does not tell us why the crash of 2008 occurred and why it is taking so long for so many people to get out from under the dual burdens of prolonged unemployment and millions of houses lost to foreclosure. It does not help us understand why growth is currently so sluggish in the US as opposed to China and why Europe is locked down in a politics of austerity and an economy of stagnation. What Piketty does show statistically (and we should be indebted to him and his colleagues for this) is that capital has tended throughout its history to produce ever-greater levels of inequality. This is, for many of us, hardly news. It was, moreover, exactly Marx’s theoretical conclusion in Volume One of his version of Capital. Piketty fails to note this, which is not surprising since he has since claimed, in the face of accusations in the right wing press that he is a Marxist in disguise, not to have read Marx’s Capital. Leer más…